The Earth Liberation Front(ELA) is a serious terrorist threat and Research Paper

The Earth Liberation Front(ELA) is a genuine psychological militant danger and ought to be taken in that capacity - Research Paper Example Inevitably, ELF was spread in 17 nations as their activities were accounted for and recorded. It is currently known as a global development that does its activities in a considerable lot of the significant European countries1. The ELF development can be extraordinarily identified with the Animal Liberation Front as both of these associations work in a similar setting. Mythical being is known to be the plummeting of the Animal Liberation Front as both of these developments work is in generally excellent terms, relations and collaboration. Both of these developments additionally utilize the comparable rules under which they work and they will in general have the equivalent leaderless opposition. They gain compassion on account of the individuals and consider themselves an eco-barrier committed gathering. Supporters likewise state that this gathering is devoted to work without the benefit thought process on ecological demolition. They cause prudent annihilation to organizations so as to spare the earth by harming businesses’ property2. With such approaches and exercises, the ELF development was known to be the top ‘domestic terror’ danger in 2001 as per the Federal Bureau of Investigation in United States. The term which is as yet utilized for the individuals from the ELF is ‘eco-terrorists’. ... ?ELA †A Serious Terrorist Threat ? The Earth Liberation Front works in an unexpected manner in comparison to other government assistance associations and other psychological oppressor associations. Their arrangement of the executives has no authority, order or any official agent or representative. It is a decentralized association as opposed to picking people to utilize the terms as flags. The individuals if this participation who are the people all alone are known to cooperate in various cells which are limited gatherings and these people are normally self-subsidized thus making no space for administration or enrollment which is unified. These people are supposed to be the eco-fear based oppressors as they work with one another to get ready and plan procedures of lessening misuse of the normal environment3. The method which is most usually recorded to be done the most by these people is obliteration to property. Various apparatuses are being utilized by them to complete such ex ercises and one of them is fire related crime in which they consume the property. A considerable lot of the activists today accept that pyro-crime is utilized to harm creatures, individuals and nature. The eco-psychological oppressors utilize such strategies to deal with the property which they accept is decimating the regular habitat in spite of the individuals or creatures being hurt all the while. These procedures are worked contrastingly in the United States and in the UK. Be that as it may, they are likewise some of the time called ecotage. The reasons why the ELF does such frightening strategies for sparing the earth or utilize unnerving methods, for example, pyromania are many. Analysts have discovered numerous reasons that mark the exercises of the eco-psychological oppressors and the

Audience Analysis and Reception Essay Example for Free

Crowd Analysis and Reception Essay Question: You are getting ready to compose a proper report to be introduced to the board at your working environment. What are some potential requirements for this crowd you ought to know about when composing the report? What are the dangers of not considering the audience’s needs? As clarified in week five (The University of Phoenix, 2014). Composing a Proper Report Composing a proper report to the executives can be troublesome just as tedious. You should know who your crowd is and what significant themes your supervisory crew needs to hear. It is anything but difficult to get off course and present information that isn't pertinent to the crowd that you are guiding the report to. You should know your crowd. There are a few things the writer composing the report has to know, so as to guarantee that the supervisory crew will comprehend. The principal thing that ought to be considered is, knowing who your crowd is. It is critical to know who the administrators perusing this report are. This has any kind of effect since you need to catch a crowd of people by the activity they have. In the event that the report is an unmistakable report about item structure, you won't have any desire to compose a report about deals income. The report must fit the crowd. Another significant factor the essayist should know is, knowing the crowds uncommon interests or partialities they may have about the data you are going to introduce. It is imperative to compose the report around the realities and to make an effort not to place in an excessive amount of feeling. Realities are the main things that ought to be thought of. Let the crowd have an independent mind and make their brains up dependent on the information that is being introduced. Be arranged and have diagrams or other supporting documentation prepared and accessible, with the goal that the report can be sponsored up to help the report. Continuously focus on language structure and watch for any linguistic structure blunders in your composition. It is vital that the crowd sees that the report isâ credible, appropriately composed and that it streams well with the goal that the crowd can comprehend the report. Formal reports are progressively point by point and have much more detail than a non-formal report. Paragraphing the proper report will be simple for the crowd to peruse. There are a ton of dangers included if these rules are not met. The crowd has specific needs that they will be searching for, and verifying that these measures are there will prompt achievement. All in all, it is significant that authors comprehend who the crowd is. A conventional report ought to consistently have the data in it that fits the crowd. You may lose your crowd, and the report might be viewed as non-valid if the realities are not introduced the manner in which they ought to be. References The University of Phoenix. (2014). Week Five: Audience Analysis and Reception. Recovered from The University of Phoenix, XBCOM/275 site. Instructive Psychologist. (2010). Composing for whom? Perception, inspiration, and an authors crowd.. Recovered from Educational Psychologist, XB/COM 275Communication Process Model site.

How to Find the Best Website For Essay Writing

How to Find the Best Website For Essay WritingWhen it comes to the topic of essay writing, there are a lot of things to consider but you can never forget that a good website is very important. You need to ensure that the website that you have is going to be able to serve you better in this regard.There are a lot of sites that can be used as the resource for this matter but if you are in need of some one to select the best site, you have to determine how you are going to deal with the selection process. This will help you in choosing the right site and will also help you in deciding which site to choose to put your work on.First of all, the process of finding the best website is not that easy to do because there are a lot of factors that can lead you to be disappointed when it comes to the selection of the best site. Therefore, in order to avoid disappointments and to know what you should do, you have to pay attention to the following considerations.The first thing that you should do is to find out what sort of essay you would like to write and to choose the best website that can be used for this purpose. Once you have determined this, you can move ahead with the selection process.The next step that you should do is to read all the requirements that are associated with the site that you are going to select to put your essay on. This will help you decide which site is going to meet your requirements and that site is not going to.You should then look for the testimonials about the site from the previous customers that are using the website and can also tell you about the performance of the site. It is highly recommended that you should get some comments from the former customers in order to know what the former customers think about the site and about the performance of the site.The next step that you should do is to check whether the website has sufficient content for the students to write their essays on. In other words, you should make sure that the site has ad equate content to use when it comes to essay writing.The site should also be available in the terms of price and also in terms of the delivery time. If the site is unavailable in terms of price and also in terms of delivery time, you can consider it as not being good enough to use when it comes to essay writing.

1984 Journal Entry - 2001 Words

Journal entry #1 The world in which Winston Smith lives in is very frightening. It is very unlikely that people from the world we live in would survive for long living in it. I think it is an awful time to be alive because you have no freedom at all. Winston is in the worst possible position, he is in the Outer Party. He is being monitored at all times and he can only cooperate. It seems that the proles and the Inner Party are much better off. I think that this is true because nobody cares about the proles and they can do what they want. The bad thing about them is that they are very poor and have no money. We don’t really know much about them. Maybe just like any other animal they have adapted to the bad conditions and somehow they are†¦show more content†¦I think George Orwell knew about this and used it to keep the events interesting. But this also lets us see Winston from a different perspective. I was really anticipating the moment when Winston would meet with O’Brien. I w as feeling positive towards O’Brien from the moment when him and Winston crossed eyes. He is one of those people who have a lot of power and could be of big help to Winston, if he actually is unorthodox. The author built up the suspense and made me impatient to see what would happen when they finally meet. And the moment of the meeting I gained a lot of hope for our main character. When O’Brien said that the Brotherhood was real I actually thought that the novel was building up to the part when there will be a civil war. I was expecting to see one happen with Goldstein as the leader. Many of the predictions that George Orwell made are actually coming true in our lives. Today we have cameras that capture the lives of citizens as they go about their business. Also computer records store data for everybody and this includes health records, work, families, shopping habits etc. The Internet gives information into the private lives of people and glimpses into their homes. à ¢â‚¬Å"1984† reminds me of a book series called â€Å"The Hunger Games†. The setting and story are very similar in many aspects, the difference being that â€Å"The Hunger Games† is aimedShow MoreRelated Requirements for Entry-Level Nursing Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pages(Tollick 2013; Spetz and Bates 2013). If entry-level nurses continue to practice without the BSN degree, then the deficit of highly educated nurses will be very detrimental to the nursing profession for years to come (Tollick, 2013). The nursing profession has been disrupted by nursing shortages throughout the 20th century. Indiana University was the first official school of nursing which had its intentions to institutionalize the baccalaureate degree as its entry to nursing in 1909 (Jacobs 1998). Read MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841169 Words   |  5 PagesTo have critical, independent , educated thought in today’s society is essential. The kind of technology and media used by the general public now is making it harder to find unbiased information. George Orwell’s 1984 shows how the lack of critical thought can lead the world towards a totalitarian dystopia. The three main symbols that reveal the theme of thinking independently are Big Brother, the four ministries of Oceania, and Winston’s diary. Although Big Brother is merely a figurehead, he playsRead MoreGeneral Host; Accounting for a Bond Refunding Essay1211 Words   |  5 PagesBonds | 1975 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1976 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1977 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1978 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1979 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1980 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1981 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1982 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1983 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1984 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1985 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1986 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1987 | $1.695 | $2.233 | 1988 | $35.595* | $22.533* | *Face value and interest (In millions) 1. $33.9 million (Face value) X 5% (Coupon rate) = $1,695,000 2Read MoreThe Challenges Facing International Students in Higher Education1294 Words   |  6 Pagesand students who want to come to study at higher education level need to pass the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) test. British universities mainly regard the IELTS as their entry qualification (Macrae, 1997:3), and an IELTS score of 6 (or less commonly TOEFL 550/213) is the common entry level if the students want to study postgraduate courses at most universities in the UK. However, it is not simple for some international students to pass this test, particularly those non-nativeRead MoreAbortion And Clinic Violence Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThis success for the pro-abortion rights side as a result served as the catalyst for the anti-abortion, or â€Å"pro-life† movement. Review of Literature In their book â€Å"Religious Violence and Abortion†, Dallas Blanchard and Terry Prewitt describe the 1984 bombing of three abortion clinics in Pensacola, FL, which the perpetrators called â€Å"a birthday present for Jesus.† They continue on to write â€Å"as they stood before the bar, these ‘Christian bombers’ received a wealth of support from ‘pro-lifers’ fromRead MoreABA Journal : An Introduction To Capital Punishment805 Words   |  4 PagesPart I: ABA Journal or is a reliable journal for practicing lawyers who want to be updated on legal procedures and focused on substantive law. Unfortunately, ABA journal is not peer reviewed, but they have a full editorial staff that conducts research. Their publication office is located on 321 North Clark street, 20th floor Chicago Illinois, 60654 United States of America. Originally published in 1975 under the title American Bar Association and was later changed in 1984 as the ABA Journal. ABA Jour nalRead MoreIs Microsoft a Monopoly?1167 Words   |  5 Pageshave substitutes, therefore, more firms in the industry. However, Microsoft was creating barriers of entry to create a perfect competition. McKenzie (2000) states, â€Å"Judge Jackson found that Microsoft had substantial market dominance which applied barriers to entry† (p. 3). Legal barriers give exclusive rights granted to the firm or inventor to supply a good or service while government controls entry in the industry, some examples are patents or copyrights, and government licenses. The governmentRead MoreDifferences Between The Governmental Accounting Standard Board1300 Words   |  6 Pagesexisted, the AICPA was the highest level of guidance for not-for-profit organizations, which comprised audit and accounting guides that was followed (Fischer, 1997). Generally, the GASB follows the same standards set by the FASB. GASB was established in 1984 to be the financial recognition and reporting standards for non-profit entities, local and state governments, regulatory agencies, the federal government, and other governmental organizations. The financial statements GASB prepares, uses the modifiedRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics888 Words   |  4 PagesThere will be many ethical dilemmas that accountants will face, some of which will be hard to discover. For instance, the HealthSouth scandal that reported non existing earnings and falsified financial statements to inflate net income. HealthSouth In 1984, Richard Scrushy founder and former CEO started HealthSouth. HealthSouth is the largest provider of outpatient surgery, diagnostic and rehabilitative healthcare services. HealthSouth corporate office is in Birmingham, Alabama and HealthSouth operatesRead More1984 Ap Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen taught, but in the â€Å"negative utopia† of George Orwell’s novel 1984 these are the slogans of the Party and of Big Brother which governs Oceania (modern day England). This society suppresses all free thinking, free enterprise, and all other freedoms. George Orwell predicts that the world will come to this if someone does not stand up to the dominant society. This someone is Winston Smith, the thoughts and actions of Winston in 1984 place him against the Party, their views, and Big Brother. The

Chlamydia Trachomatis Common And Reported Sexually...

Chlamydia tracomatis Antonia Kingham 12/03/2014 Natsci 197 Ms. Madden Public Health Paper Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted bacterium that falls into the genus Chlamydia. In general it is prevalent amongst the younger adults due to living a promiscuous life style. C. trachomatis can be responsible for both long and short term effects from contracting this bacterial disease therefore the longer you have it the more severe the effects can be. Chlamydia can be asymptomatic meaning it can go unnoticed for a prolonged period of time without any symptoms; the symptoms that do arise are ones that can’t be ignored for they are irritating, painful and harmful, if left untreated. Anyone participating in any kind of sexual activity should be tested annually. There are a variety of ways and resources for diagnosing C. trachomatis along with treatments for this infection which include antibiotics and prevention strategies. C. trachomatis is the most common and reported sexually transmitted disease (STD) in Wisconsin (1). C. trachomatis has specific microbial chara cteristics such as size and shape. C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasite which is a type of parasite that can reproduce only inside their host cell. Chlamydia is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomati. This bacterium can only be spread by having one or any of the following: anal, vaginal, and oral sex with someone who has chlamydia, thisShow MoreRelatedChlamydia: The Silent Disease824 Words   |  3 Pages Identified 1907, Chlamydia was once thought to be a virus. It was classified as a bacterium in the 1960s (Breguet 9) by Stanislaus Von Prowazek, a Czech Scientist. This discovery of a new bacterium led many scientist to believe that this was not the only bacteria they were classifying wrong. Chlamydia trachomatis The word Chlamydia comes from the greek chlamys, A type of cloak that drapes over the shoulder. This refers to the way the Chlamydia bacterium drapes itself around the nucleus of cellsRead MoreChlamydia, And, Etiology And Management Of Chlamydia1203 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract: Chlamydia is a very common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. It can infect both men and women. Chlamydia is treatable but if left untreated it can cause permanent damage in female reproductive system and in males the damage is rare. Sexually active females and males should be tested every year. This article will review the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, etiology and management of Chlamydia. Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacteria thatRead MoreChlamydia Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesChlamydia Research from the center of disease control and prevention consistently shows Chlamydia as one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the United States. There is an estimated 4.5 million people reported each year with Chlamydia (Carol Turkiington and Bonnie Lee Ashby). Chlamydia is contracted from unprotected sex with an infected partner. Diagnosing and treating f Chlamydia is relatively easy with regular checkups to your physician. Chlamydia trachomatis, the sexually transmittedRead MoreChlamydia By Chlamydia Trachomatis. Chlamydia902 Words   |  4 PagesThe common term that is known to us around the world is chlamydia, but most people do not know its scientific name, which is called chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia is among the smallest living organisms. It is nonmotile and a gram-negative cocci bacteria. These parasites can bind to intracellular bacteria that only affect humans. So in a nut shell chlamydia cannot survive without us humans, where it takes everything from us but does not give back. In order for it to make copies of itself it needsRead MoreChlamydia Trachomatis And Its Effects On The United States Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesChlamydia trachomatis is a bacterium that is now recognized as the most prevalent and among the most damaging of all sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) seen in the United States today (Thompson, n.d.). There are various factors that place college students at a higher risk of acquiring Chlamydia such as: race, age, gender, and environmental factors. The increase in the number of cases that are being reported is direct reflection of the success of the free to low cost testing programs that are availableRead More Sexually Transmitted Diseases Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesSexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases are an intimate part of many people’s lives. These diseases, one could say, represent a conflict between human and nature. It is a part of nature that humans are inclined to engage in sexual activity . Yet, humans are endangering themselves with the spreading of these diseases. Also, a human oriented disease can take on a life of its own, so to speak, and even turn deadly when nature takes it course. Humans have created antibioticsRead MoreCollege Students In The United States Frequently Engage1508 Words   |  7 Pagesinvolved. The most common result of engaging in unsafe sex with a stranger is acquiring a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Medline Plus describes sexually transmitted diseases as â€Å"infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact and are a cause of bacteria, parasites, yeast, and viruses† (Medline Plus, n.d.). According to the Centers for Disease Control fact sheet on sexually transmit ted diseases, an estimate of nearly 20 million new sexually transmitted infections occurRead MoreChlamydia Host Chlamydia Essay2988 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) which can affect those that are sexually active, which is to say that it can affect a very large range in age groups through-out the population. It is very interesting in that chlamydia is the most oft reported STI in the United States (Breguet, 2007) with over three million new cases each year (Silverstein Silverstein-Nunn, 2006). Another very interesting fact is that chlamydia is known as a â€Å"silent† disease. That is to say thatRead MoreEssay about STDs1489 Words   |  6 PagesSTDs Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are very common in today’s society. They represent a threat to humans because when they cannot be treated, they can become an epidemic, such as AIDS. Although STDs can affect people of all ages, young people – especially college students - between the ages of 19 and 25 are the most affected (American Social Health Association). There are three types of STDs: bacterial, viral and parasitic. In this essay, we will study one disease from each category by analyzingRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases ( Std ) Essay1590 Words   |  7 PagesSexually transmitted diseases (STD) or sexually transmitted infections (STI) as they are also known account for 20 million cases annually and may be more of an economic burden than realized (Decker, 2016). These infections often go untreated or reported secondary to individuals being asymptomatic or lacking knowledge of the infections and the need for treatment. The current economic burden for treati ng these infections is estimated to be 16 million dollars a year with individuals between the ages

An Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work - 1298 Words

ENGL 1102 – Comp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R – 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopin’s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, which are with few exceptions also strong women as well, she cemented herself as a one of the unmistakable voices in the women’s rights movement, which culminated with women securing the right to vote in 1920, and the women’s liberation movement that would sweep the nation in the 1960’s. While not an outspoken voice publically during her life, as she may not have ever intentionally sought to spark feminist rebellion, the characters that she created became a presence in literature which influenced the likes of Sylvia Plath (Stone) and Edith Wharton (Papke 6). Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, a feminist American Historian from Emory University, said the following about Chopin’s covert feminist voice: â€Å"Kate was neither a feminist nor a suffragist, she said so. She was nonetheless a woman who took women extremely seriously. She never doubted women s ability to be strong. She came from a long line of strong women whom she loved and respected, the great-grandmother, grandmother, mother affiliation.Show MoreRelated The Life of Kate Chopin1083 Words   |  5 PagesThe life of Kate Chopin      Ã‚  Ã‚   Kate Chopin led a fascinating life filled with times of triumph but also times of great loss. Living in the South during the post-Civil War era, the setting and experiences of her life would have a great impact on the subjects of her writing. Chopin began writing as a way to express her frustration with life. This is why her emotions about life are conveyed so strongly in her writing. One of her short stories, Juanita, is an excellent example of how Chopins lifeRead More The Transformation of Edna Pontellier in The Awakening Essay950 Words   |  4 Pagesshe did not know what† (Chopin). In Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, the reader is introduced to Edna Pontellier, a passionate, rebellious woman. Throughout the novel, it becomes apparent how unsettled Edna feels about her life. The reader can identify this by her thoughts, desires, and actions, which are highly inappropriate for an affluent woman of the time. In the novel, Edna has an awakening and finds the courage to make the changes she sees necessary. Kate Chopin is able to make qualityRead MoreInferences Lead to Tragedy: Irony that Ruins in Kate Chopins Desirees Baby744 Words   |  3 Pages Kate Chopin utilizes irony in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† to warn people of the dangers of racism and how it can victimize not only the hated race, but also the one who is racist. â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† is a tale about a young slave owner, Armand, with a well-respected name in Louisiana. He marries an adopted woman named Desiree and once they have their child, he notices that the baby has black features. He assumes that since he does not know his wife’s racial background that his wife must have some sort ofRead MoreResearch Paper on Kate Chopin and the Feminism in Her Works2066 Words   |  9 PagesAp English 08 27 April 2012 Kate Chopin: Feminism in Her Works â€Å"Love and passion, marriage and independence, freedom and restraint.† These are the themes that are represented and worked with throughout Kate Chopin’s works. Kate Chopin, who was born on February 8, 1851, in St. Louis, was an American acclaimed writer of short stories and novels. She was also a poet, essayist, and a memoirist. Chopin grew up around many women; intellectual women that is. Chopin said herself that she was neitherRead MoreA Hour By Kate Chopin1269 Words   |  6 PagesThe representation of marriage and gender parts portrayed in the America short stories the Necklace by Guy De Maupassan The Short story of a Hour by Kate Chopin are short stories which uncover many viewpoints seen in the human intuitive convictions. These stories demonstrate how the male characters assume the primary part in marriage as the dominant ones and their partners, the females taking up the weaker parts. The women in these stories are portrayed as unsteady person who are incl ined to fantasyRead MoreA Solitary Soul By Kate Chopin1995 Words   |  8 PagesOn April 22nd, 1899, Herbert S. Stone Company published a novel written by female Author, Kate Chopin. According to Chopin’s official website published by the Kate Chopin International Society in which biographers and editors detail information of the authors life, works, and commonly asked questions, Chopin was 49 years old at the time that The Awakening was published. This novel was originally titled A Solitary Soul, but was changed just prior to publication. Though today this novel is heavilyRead MoreLiterary Perspectives1379 Words   |  6 Pagesare primarily concerned with the language, structure, and tone of a work, otherwise known, as it’s â€Å"formal elements†. Formalists gravitate towards â€Å"intrinsic† matters in a piece of literature, in simpler terms, diction, irony, paradox, metaphor, and symbol. In a similar fashion, they emphasize larger elements, for i nstance, plot, characterization, and narrative technique, in order to derive meaning from a literary work. The work must stand by itself, and any information that goes beyond the textRead MoreThe Character Development Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay2166 Words   |  9 Pagesperspective and attitude or assimilate into a civilized community that upholds traditional White-American beliefs. Similarly, Kate Chopin in her novel â€Å"The Awakening,† utilizes fictional storytelling to articulate the internal struggle of Edna Pontellier on her quest to part from her conventional role as a woman and for the first time since youth, pursue her self interests. Chopin’s work targets current social understanding of morality and ethics, removing the notion that you have to abide by what societyRead More Stop Literary Censorship Essay1566 Words   |  7 Pagesmore common all over the world today. The online Encarta Encyclopedia defines censorship as, supervision and contro l of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books...for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. Henry Reichman from the Education World website defines it as, the removal, suppression, or restricted circulation of literary, artistic,Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women2756 Words   |  12 Pagesknown through most literary circles, is Kate Chopin. However, she also wrote in a time where it was merely a dream for a woman to be full liberated from man, only obtainable upon the death of either the man or the women herself. â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a short story about a woman (Mrs. Mallard) who finds out that her husband has passed away. She has a brief time filled with grief and enlightenment, only to find out that her husband was never dead. Chopin takes a moment to integrate that Mrs. Mallard

Reputation Management Plan For Toyota Motor - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theReputation Management Plan For Toyota Motor Corporation. Answer: Background This paper assesses the pertinence of hypothesis for understanding the procedures taken up by Toyota to beat the emergency. The idea of corporate reputation was seen to be of fringe worry to senior administration in the not very far from past. Regularly, it was viewed as the region of the advertising division and plan experts. Today, be that as it may, an expanding number of canny officials remember them as basic corporate resources specifically connected to focused achievement. As of late, building a decent corporate reputation is progressively on the firms' plans since the connection amongst reputation, and a supported upper hand is broadly recognized in writing. Research into factors influencing corporate achievement demonstrates a developing enthusiasm for impalpable resources. Alfonso et al., (2010), for example, records the reputation of items and friends as one of the impalpable assets of any firm and he found that CEOs reliably positioned corporate reputation as the most esse ntial key elusive asset (Jagersma, 2010). Situation Analysis The case of the Toyota Recall Crisis in 2010 has been examined in the paper to light up the utilization of the hypotheses amid the emergency. Toyota has not been a leader when comes to emergency and dependably had a "decent" reputation. The experience an organization provides for its clients and different partners is the impression of the organization, which at last makes it conspicuous and emerge. Nevertheless, Toyota encountered a noteworthy life costing emergency, i.e., the quickening agent pedal emergency in 2009, which caused numerous mishaps in the US and consequently Toyota was reprimanded. Toyota rose up out of it rather effectively, and as of late, it has again increased best deals in the auto worldwide industry. The emergency correspondence considers been considered and has been mentioned about the firm and what effect it had Toyota's picture/reputation. A subjective investigation of talk examination has been attempted, which includes the appraisal of seven public statements by Toyota to find principle topics that rose in the talk utilized as a part of the announcements. In a nutshell, this investigation offers the consequences of talk that Toyota did in its correspondence amid the emergency. Definition of Reputation According to the Oxford Dictionary reputation can be defined as the appraisal upheld by the society of an individual, corporation or anything. Reputation signals publics about how a firm's items, occupations, techniques, and prospects contrasted with those of contending firms. The part of reputation is ending up progressively vital in progressively aggressive markets. A developing assortment of writing has been worried about the organizational reputation as a significant asset and its relationship with monetary execution. Ansgar Diana (2011) agree that corporate reputation is characterized as a perceptual portrayal of an organization's past activities and prospects that depicts the firm's general interest to the greater part of its key constituents when contrasted and other driving opponents. A developing collection of research contends that great corporate reputations have a vital incentive for the firms that have them. As per Aula (2010), a great reputation can prompt a few vital advantages, for example, bringing down firm costs; empowering firms to charge premium costs; pulling in candidates, speculators, and clients; expanding benefit and making focused obstructions. A positive reputation improves the probability that partners will contract with a given firm. Financial rents are earned on reputation and give proceeded with impetuses to firms to maintain and put resources into their reputation. A great part of the present work on reputation has concentrated on setting up that reputation is a significant elusive resource by demonstrating its consequences for corporate money related execution. More respectable firms can charge an excellent, which will, like this, draw in speculators. A positive reputation will draw in workers and advance lower representative turnover, enhance client mentalities, bring down a customer's apparent hazard, increment the inclination to a joint venture and make higher believability. As needs are, it might be said that reputation is then a potential wellspring of an upper hand. Not carrying on dependably or genuinely can have quick and long-haul outcomes, for example, an abatement in positive reputation may influence the future activities of different players toward a firm. For whatever length of time that the "present estimation of future salary surpasses the fleeting benefit" of unscrupulousness, firms will be straightforward and put resources into their reputations (Eyun?Jung Linda, 2012). Literature Review A developing group of research contends that great corporate reputations have key an incentive for the firms that have them. As per the asset-based perspective of the firm, the firm is a nexus of assets and abilities that are not openly purchased and sold on the spot advertising. To the degree that these firm-particular assets and capacities yield monetary advantages that can't be consummately copied through contenders' activities, they might be strong wellsprings of maintained aggressive advantage. Inside the asset-based system, firms with resources that are profitable and uncommon have the upper hand and may hope to gain predominant returns. Those whose benefits are likewise hard to emulate may accomplish managed predominant monetary execution. Parallel to this thinking, elusive resources, for example, great reputationsare basic given their potential for esteem creation, also because their impalpable character makes replication by contending firms significantly more troublesome (Bi nod and Devi, 2013). A decent reputation can prompt various key advantages. Initially, a great reputation can prompt a reduction of a firms expenses. A firm with a decent reputation may have a cost advantage because, ceteris paribus, representatives like to work for high-reputation firms, and should, in this way, work harder, or reduce compensation. In the meantime, since providers are less worried about legally binding dangers while executing with high-reputation firms, great reputations ought to likewise prompt lower contracting and checking costs. A decent reputation can build gainfulness. A decent reputation can empower firms to charge premium costs. Since reputation fills in as a flag of the basic nature of a firm's items and services, customers may pay a premium for the offerings of high-reputation firms (Aula, 2010). Jagersma (2010) agrees that a decent reputation may make aggressive obstructions. Since reputation is one of those intangibles that are amazingly difficult to mirror, it is a significant wellspring of an upper hand. A well-known enterprise can undoubtedly draw in candidates, financial specialists, and clients. It is, for the most part, contended that representatives like to work for very rumored firms. At the point when a few organizations' items or services are comparable in quality and value, clients incline to work with an organization if its corporate reputation is great. Higher client maintenance, in this way expanding repurchases and prompting higher item costs, is additionally said by Farhad Akram (2012). Finally, a great corporate reputation bolsters an organization during contention. With a specific end goal to inspect corporate reputation, it is essential to incorporate a dialog of two related builds: organizational personality and organizational picture. The three ideas of corporate reputation, organizational personality, and organizational picture are for the most part confounded, and a few investigations in writing use them conversely. Character and picture are in some cases regarded as the same as reputation, a piece of reputation, or thoughtfully not quite the same as reputation. For the motivations behind this contemplate, it is important to separate between these ideas. Organizational personality has been characterized in various ways. A few specialists contend that organizational personality alludes to what defines an organization. This definition frequently incorporates the mission, vision, culture, business technique and organizational plan of the organization (Jackson, 2011). Different specialists such as Alfonso et al. (2010) characterize the organizational way of life as how an organization concentrates on the creation, articulation, and administration of unequivocal corporate esteems concerning what the organization is and what it remains for as contrasted and others, stressing the visual and stylish methods of articulation. Organizational picture, then again, has been depicted as the inside aggregate perspective that underlies its corporate correspondences endeavors to convey itself to others. Another definition expresses that organizational picture is the thing that organizational specialists need their outside partners to see most focal, persevering, and unmistakable about their organization. In particular, a partnership's picture incorporates the view of all partners, for example, providers, clients, investors, workers and the group, seeing that every partner should be tended to independently through the firm's correspondence system. The extent of Corporate Reputation from a Stakeholders viewpoint If reputation is translated as an aggregate build, the total cannot be measured using normal overview techniques. As Jagersma (2010) stresses, "reputations, which are socially shared impressions, depend on 'cooperatives,' not on heterogeneous 'accumulations' of individuals." He infers that utilizing an overview approach and haphazardly chose respondents creates information that speaks to "a kind of 'meta-reputation' a combination of an extensive gathering of individual judgments about a standard arrangement of corporate dispositions," however not the genuine condition of a firm's general reputation. The last mentioned, in the result, may be difficult to gauge. Reputation would remain an ethereal wonder to its overseers: Without conceptualization and estimation, systems to build up a firm's reputation stay indistinct and administrators deprived of any energy to manage it (Aula, 2010). It is useful to translate reputation as a perceptual marvel that can be measured by social event data from its spectator because of taking a more utilitarian position. This appears to be reasonable because reputation is accepted to prompt an assortment of constructive outcomes. Clients are relied upon to turn into more faithful and less cost cognizant, exceptionally talented employment candidates join the firm; financial specialists give capital all the more promptly. As per behavioral hypotheses, these positive behavioral impacts are activated by discernments and states of mind. Reputation should be deciphered as a perceptual, that is subjective, develop, when taken as an explanation for partners' good exercises, and this requires a study based estimation approach (McManus, 2011). Conclusions The initial segment of exchange focuses on Toyota's endeavors to manufacture client's trust in their image utilizing wellbeing and unwavering quality of their vehicles and to situate them as their fundamental worries as apparent in the decision of the words. Explanations in the official announcements such as the one given by the Chief Operating Officer of Toyota Motors stated that it is imperative that there are security and dependability of the vehicles their clients drive. Hence, the use of terms such as unwavering quality and security,' proposes that the auto manufacturer is going to improve the areas of security and reliability in the appreciation of customers to hang on to their reputation. Also, they may provoke a move on any issues they distinguish to guarantee the wellbeing of drivers, which can be viewed as an exertion by Toyota using utilization of certain watchwords. For example, 'incite activities' and guaranteeing the security of drivers in key markets who confronted the mischances with a specific end goal to repair and keep up a picture of the organization. Recommendation (Use of Traditional and Social Media) The Executive Vice President of Toyota Motor Corporation said in another public statement that he tries to make sure that the cars are safe and also strong. The declaration underlines on maintaining the security as well as dependability, in any case, the utilization of the word 'remain' indicates that the Japanese car maker is pointing to its good habit of being solid, then counterbalance the bad sentiments in the general populace as a way to maintain the reputation of Toyota. Likewise, allowing for the aim maintaining a good image, Toyota settled public reports. The cart maker appreciated diverse activities to appeal to the customers, which may be viewed as an attempt to maintain their public image. The car manufacturer should showcase their vehicles through social media to reach to Generation Y. This generation hold the keys to the future. The social media strategy in online reputation management for Toyota is to set up an alert for some specific keywords and then to act quickly (whether good or bad), be nice and pro-active on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. In the traditional media front, Toyota can establish a vibrant as well as an unswerving memorandum from the beginning. They also need to classify the main participants internally (e.g., public relations, legal, and communications) to create concise responsibilities and roles. Additionally, approve an in-house strategy, engaging outer consultants when needed. References Alfonso Siano, Philip J. Kitchen, Maria G. Confetto, 2010. Financial resources and corporate reputation: Toward common management principles for managing corporate reputation. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 15(1), pp. 68-82. Ansgar J. Thiessen Diana J. Ingenhoff, 2011. Safeguarding reputation through strategic, integrated and situational crisis communication management: Development of the integrative model of crisis communication. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16(1), pp. 8-26. Aula, P. K., 2010. Social media, reputation risk, and ambient publicity management. Strategy Leadership, 38(6), pp. 43-49. Binod K. Shrestha and Devi R. Gnyawali, 2013. Insights on strategic management practices in Nepal. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 2(2), pp. 191-210. Eyun?Jung Ki, Linda C. Hon, 2012. Causal linkages among relationship quality perception, attitude, and behavior intention in a membership organization. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 17(2). Farhad A. and Akram S., 2012. Strategic management: the case of NGOs in Palestine. Management Research Review, 35(6), pp. 473-489. Jackson, C., 2011. Communication skills and accounting: do perceptions match reality?. Strategic Direction, 27(2). Jagersma, P. K., 2010. Managing reputation equity. Business Strategy Series, 11(3), pp. 139-144. Liwen Tan, Jingkun Ding, 2015. The frontier and evolution of the strategic management theory: A scientometric analysis of Strategic Management Journal, 2001-2012. Nankai Business Review International, 6(1), pp. 20-41. Madia, S. A., 2011. Best practices for using social media as a recruitment strategy. Strategic HR Review, pp. 19-24. Maimunah Ismail, Siti N. Alias, Roziah M. Rasdi, 2015. The community as a stakeholder of the corporate social responsibility programme in Malaysia: outcomes in community development. Social Responsibility Journal, 11(1), pp. 109-130. McManus, J., 2011. Revisiting ethics in strategic management. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 11(2), pp. 214-223. Pederzini, G. D. A., 2016. Strategic management cultures: historical connections with science. Journal of Management History, 22(2), pp. 214-235. Peng Wu, Lei Gao Xiao Li, 2016. Does the reputation mechanism of media coverage affect earnings management?: Evidence from China. Chinese Management Studies, 10(4), pp. 627-656. Rahdari, A., 2017. Sustainable Governance: A Sine Qua Non of the Age of Sustainability. In: D. C. . S. Seifi, ed. Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility. S.l.:Emerald Publishing Group, pp. 67-90. Rothaermel, F. T., 2013. Internal Analysis: Resources, Capabilities, and Activities. In: Strategic Management Concepts Cases. S.l. Mc-Graw Hil. Timothy Galpin, J. Lee Whittington, Greg Bell, 2015. Is your sustainability strategy sustainable? Creating a culture of sustainability. Corporate Governance, 15(1), pp. 1-17. Watkins R., Meisers M.W Visser Y., 2012. A guide to assessing Needs, Tools for collecting information, making decisions and achieving development results. Washington: World Bank Publications.

Indian Removal Essays - Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, Choctaw

Indian Removal INTRODUCTION On May 26, 1830, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 was passed by the Twenty-First Congress of the United states of America. After four months of strong debate, Andrew Jackson signed the bill into law. Land greed was a big reason for the federal government's position on Indian removal. This desire for Indian lands was also abetted by the Indian hating mentallity that was peculiar to some American frontiersman. This period of forcible removal first started with the Cherokee Indians in the state of Georgia. In 1802, the Georgia legislature signed a compact giving the federal government all of her claims to western lands in exchange for the government's pledge to extigiush all Indian titles to land within the state. But by the mid-1820's Georgians began to doubt that the government would withhold its part of the bargain. The Cherokee Indian tribes had a substantial part of land in Georgia that they had had for many generations though. They were worried about losing their land so they forced the issue by adopting a written constitution. This document proclaimed that the Cherokee nation had complete jurisdiction over its own territory. But by now Indian removal had become entwined with the state of Georgia's rights and the Cherokee tribes had to make their claims in court. When the Cherokee nation sought aid from newly elected president Andrew Jackson, he informed them that he would not interfere with the lawful prerogatives of the state of Georgia. Jackson saw the solution of the problem with the removal of the Cherokee tribes to lands west. This would keep contact between Indians and colonists rare. He suggested that laws be past so that the Indians would have to move west of the Mississippi river. Similar incidents happened between the other "civilized" tribes and white men. The Seminole tribe had land disputes with the state of Florida. The Creek Indians fought many battles against the federal army so they could keep their land in the states of Alabama and Georgia. The Chickisaw and Choctaw had disputes with the state of Mississippi. To ensure peace the government forced these five tribes called the Five Civilized Tribes to move out of their lands that they had lived on for generations and to move to land given to them in parts of Oklahoma. Andrew Jackson was quoted as saying that this was a way of protecting them and allowing them time to adjust to the white culture. This land in Oklahome was thinly settled and was thought to have little value. Within 10 years of the Indian Removal Act, more than 70,000 Indians had moved across the Mississippi. Many Indians died on this journey. "The Trails of Tears" The term "Trails of Tears" was given to the period of ten years in which over 70,000 Indians had to give up their homes and move to certain areas assigned to tribes in Oklahoma. The tribes were given a right to all of Oklahoma except the Panhandle. The government promised this land to them "as long as grass shall grow and rivers run." Unfortunately, the land that they were given only lasted till about 1906 and then they were forced to move to other reservations. The Trails of Tears were several trails that the Five civilized Tribes traveled on their way to their new lands. Many Indians died because of famine or disease. Sometimes a person would die because of the harsh living conditions. The tribes had to walk all day long and get very little rest. All this was in order to free more land for white settlers. The period of forcible removal started when Andrew Jackson became Presidentin 1829. At that time there was reported to be sightings of gold in the Cherokee territory in Georgia which caused prospectors to rush in, tearing down fences and destroying crops. In Mississippi, the state laws were extended over Choctaw and Chickisaw lands, and in 1930 the Indians were made citizens which made it illegal to hold any tribal office. Also in Georgia, the Cherokee tribes were forbade to hold any type of tribal legislature except to ratify land cessions, and the citzens of Georgia were invited to rob and plunder the tribes in their are by making it illegal for an Indian to bring suit against a white man. When President Jackson began to negotiate with the Indians, he

The eNotes Blog Some Take-Aways from Twitters FictionFestival

Some Take-Aways from Twitters FictionFestival As promised in last weeks post on Twitters Fiction Festival, heres a round up of a few standouts of the online event, which finished this past Sunday. Four things I took away from the festival, besides learning how to read from the ground up: 1. My personal favorite was Andrew Pypers sinister adaptation of Thomas Hardys classic horror novel The Turn of the Screw. Only downside, should blare a massive SPOILER ALERT banner at the top of the account page. Do not ruin this story for yourself by reading the first few tweets! Scroll straight to the bottom of White House, which you can read in full  here. #socreepy 2. Another fantastic creative endeavor was writer Lucy Coats retelling of 100 myths in 100 tweets. Check out this pithy (and alliterative) summary of Odysseus encounter with the sirens, below: You can find a collection of many more of her mythical re-imaginings, including the tales of Leda and the Swan and Heracles, at her twitter account here. #pervyancientgreeks 3. Elliott Holts mystery tale had an interesting twist to it. The story was made up of tweets from a crowd of partygoers, unambiguous as to whether what they witnessed was a suicide, an accident, or murder. The multiple voices create an interesting, interwoven narration. Plus the self-centeredness and banality with which these characters tweet spins an interesting satire on the way we present our lives online for others amusement and approval. I think. Scroll down Holts twitter page to read this very interesting and suspenseful form of the classic murder mystery. #likecluebutbetter 4. Twit-Lit-Crit: so now that we have twitterature changing the form of storytelling, will literary criticism follow in the same vein? Carmel Doohan of Exeunt Magazine conveyed a critique of the weekend via a series of tweets, just like the authors had done themselves: Essentially a blank page where any text or format can be uploaded,  @storify  makes a bricolage of social media. On it the twitter fiction works, but when encountered on twitter itself it is frustrating; interruptions and RTs spoil the flow Yet there is something very modernist about it- interruptions incorporated into the fiction; remaining true to the fragmentation of reality Even the Guardian jumped into the fray, doling out self-effacing reviews in under 140 characters. It makes me wonder, like Doohan asks, will the twitter essay forever change the face of  criticism? Answers on a postcard. Did you have time to check out the Twitter Fiction Festival? If so, what were your take-aways?

Death penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Death penalty - Essay Example The turmoil experienced in prison makes the place a hellhole and is good enough to serve as punishment for the law breakers. The only life giver-and-taker is believed to be God in terms of religion. Anyone who takes away life therefore, including the owner, serves as a sinner as per the Decalogue. Involving death as a form of punishment therefore is not even close to the right way of correcting. Across all states, there ought to be revisions in case any has adopted capital punishment for criminals. They need to revisit how valuable life is, how irreplaceable it is, and how holy it is believed to be. Never can one be rectified by killing them. It is of no good to them when they are already dead (Should Death Penalty allowed, n.d). My view is in contradiction with the death penalty as it offers governments rights to kill. One of the human rights is the right to enjoy the gift of life. Under no circumstances therefore should an individual be denied the privilege to live. If it is correction for moral uprightness, it cannot be done by subjecting the individual to death. A dead person does not suffer any consequences. It does not make sense when the state tries to do away with a problem by acting more of the same problem. It would be more logical if these murderers and other law breakers are allowed to live as changed souls that will influence change in other citizens with the same intentions. Let the state induce a better way of rectifying the character then allow them to influence change to society. Cases have been witnessed of the worst law breakers turning a new leaf only to become the best preachers. Their testimonies end up to be the best weapons in reaching out to the unnoticed criminals and drawing them t owards becoming best vessels of honor. Even the government itself cannot make the impact towards change of character that one redeemed criminal could make if given the chance.

Findlay University Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Findlay University Education - Research Paper Example The main reason as to why they choose this type of classes was because of time flexibility. More than 18 students agreed that online classes were very flexible, in regard to time management. The need to allocate time for family is another reason as to why these people chose online classes. 5 students who participated in this research gave it as their main motivating factor. Another interesting statistics whereby two students agreed that time for work is a factor in choosing to attend online classes. Another two students agreed that transportation costs were a motivator in choosing online classes. Figure four explains the factors that made students to choose blended classes. Time flexibility was also the main factor chosen by students. This reason was advanced by 19 students. Family time and need of interacting with an instructor were other motivating reasons, and each stood at 4 students each. By looking at this study, I can denote that the results support my hypotheses. It is clear that students would prefer to attend face to face classes, as opposed to other modes of learning. The figures contained in this study give reasons as to why this preference. The main motivating factor is interactions with the instructor, and classroom discussions. In my own opinion, students gave these reasons because they are eager to learn in class, and to them, the best method of understanding the various concepts in class is to interact with the instructors and their fellow students.... From these results, group work is the list motivating factor that made students to choose face to face mode of learning. Figure 3 on the other hand gives an explanation on the various motivating factors that affects students who choose to attend online classes. The main reason as to why they choose this type of classes was because of time flexibility. More than 18 students agreed that online classes were very flexible, in regard to time management. The need to allocate time for family is another reason as to why these people chose online classes. 5 students who participated in this research gave it as their main motivating factor. Another interesting statistics whereby two students agreed that time for work is a factor in choosing to attend online classes. Another two students agreed that transportation costs were a motivator in choosing online classes. Figure four explains the factors that made students to choose blended classes. Time flexibility was also the main factor chosen by s tudents. This reason was advanced by 19 students. Family time, and need of interacting with an instructor were other motivating reasons, and each stood at 4 students each. By looking at this study, I can denote that the results support my hypotheses. It is clear that students would prefer to attend face to face classes, as opposed to other modes of learning. The figures contained in this study give reasons as to why these preference. The main motivating factor is interactions with the instructor, and classroom discussions. In my own opinion, students gave these reasons because they are eager to learn in class, and to them, the best method of understanding the various concepts in class, is to interact with the instructors and their fellow students.

American Intervention in Soviet-Afghan War Essay Example for Free

American Intervention in Soviet-Afghan War Essay During the Cold War, the United States resolved to take a shot at the Soviet Union by siding with Afghanistan and taking great measures to stop Soviet influence and communist ideology. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in an attempt to expand its influence in the Middle East with the absence of American influence. At this point in the Cold War the United States and Soviet Union were more or less at the climax of their dilemma, so the U. S. therefore decided to get involved by fortifying Afghan’s primary rebellious group, the mujahidin. The United States jeopardized homeland security by providing significant support to mujahidin revolutionaries, and in doing so the U. S. helped them hinder Soviet rule over Afghanistan. There are plenty of reasons ratifying America’s lack of foresight and prudence, one being that the state of the Soviet Union was not great as it was. One should take into consideration that the Soviet Union was already in a drastic decline when the United States began to intercede in Soviet-Afghan affairs. Benjamin Frankel, an esteemed writer who wrote an article for History in Dispute, described how there was a prolonged controversy in the Soviet Union on the topic of how to proceed with communist policies (14). Secondly, America already expressed its hard-line policy toward the USSR in a more detrimental way. In 1983, President Ronald Reagan established the Strategic Defense Initiative to protect the U. S. from potential ballistic missile attacks by the Soviet Union. In total, as the ABC-Clio database prescribes in paragraph ten of â€Å"Cold War, 1945-1991†, the USSR spent approximately $80 billion on the Soviet-Afghan War. The fall of the USSR was hastened by its lofty spending on the unnecessary cause. Similar to the economic problems in the Soviet Union, the United States’ actions concerning Soviet-Afghan affairs inflicted great burdens upon the U. S. economy. The United States wasted a substantial amount of money in order to aid mujahidin rebels so they could counteract their Soviet oppressors, but received no compensation in return. As an unknown author from Mount Holyoke College estimates in â€Å"Origins of the Taliban†, the United States lost about $3 billion just on funding these covert ops. The mujahidin and Afghanistan as a whole provided little in return. The mujahidin, for one, only used America for what it provided and discarded the country once transactions were complete. Also, Afghanistan contained insufficient natural resources compared to its Middle-Eastern counterparts. In addition to this action’s negative impact on the U. S. economy, it was also unjustified by the United States’ failure in persuading Afghans to convert to its political viewpoints. The United States did not spread democracy or even impede the Soviet Union’s communist influence on Afghanistan. Instead of acting how it did, the United States should have allowed Afghanistan to develope itself and figure out its own problems to an extent. One sign of progression in the country occurred in the mid-2000s when Afghanistan held its first presidential election. For example, Canada has benefitted by having the foreign policy of isolationism. Shifting back to the mujahidin, Benjamin Frankel describes it, stating, â€Å"Once they helped to push the Soviets out of Afghanistan, they turned their attention to the hated ‘infidel’ West and its ‘satanic’ leader, the United States† (16). Benjamin Frankel went on to speak of how the Afghans were apathetic toward the message of democracy, while they already disdained the ideology of communism (16). These reasons explain why the two parties never became allies and split ways once the Soviets withdrew in 1989. Sometime in the midst of the United States attempting to spread democracy in Afghanistan, the Jimmy Carter regime passed an embargo on wheat and corn against Russia as another attempt to burden the Soviet Union. The Russian Grain Embargo, enacted in 1980, had a negative financial impact on American farmers. This act was drawn up to reciprocate the past ongoing tensions between the United States and Soviet Union which heightened when the United States began to help the mujahidin in 1979. On the subject of U. S. and USSR trade, representative George McGovern stated at a 1980 Senate hearing in paragraph ten on the Annals of American History database that agricultural produce took up 75% of their trade. With this lack of trade, the USSR and U.  S. each deeply suffered. As a result of the Russian Grain Embargo, prices on a bushel of wheat dropped 50? and prices for a bushel of corn dropped 30?. As McGovern later proclaims to the senate in his speech in paragraph nineteen, projected numbers â€Å"do not take into consideration the tremendous increase in cost of production for crop year 1980 for farmers, coupled by depressed markets. † This act, indirectly associated with rising tensions also causing the U. S. to fortify the mujahidin, made live very hard for farmers. The Russian Grain Embargo left a great mark on agrarian society in both the United States and the Soviet Union, but moreso in the U. S. This statement demonstrates the irony behind the embargo. The harm done to the USSR was substantial, though. One may say that the Russian Grain Embargo went with the hard-line policy Reagan put forth toward the USSR, but this argument is invalidated by the financial burdens on America and the Soviet Union. Subsequently in his speech, George McGovern states in paragraph twenty, â€Å"The U. S. omestic blow to the agricultural community can reasonably be concluded to be greater than the one we are delivering, at least in the long run and at least in economic terms. † Plus, Russia was coming off a record low year for crop production, further supporting this act’s injustification. Despite the fact that the Russian Embargo Act was mainly a burden to farm society, it also proved or will have proven to be a burden to other important parts of society. The Russian Grain Embargo also devastated both the United States and the Soviet Union in ways other than agriculturally including everyday citizens. In paragraph eighteen McGovern alludes to his great statistical knowledge, noting that American taxpayers compensated for the debt of the Russian Grain Embargo by paying a sum of $3. 8-5 million. The credibility of the United States as a reliable trade partner skyrocketed due to the embargo. The administration of former President Jimmy Carter probably did not foresee this outcome or even think about it. Another outcome of the act was expanded herd slaughter in Russia. Russians thus consumed bad or in some cases unsanitary meat because of the lack of U.  S. meat shipments. Instead of wasting our time creating unnecessary policies or embargoes or groundlessly creating a powerful Afghan resilient force, the Unites States should have seized other important opportunities. For example, during the period in which the United States sent weapons to the mujahidin, Afghanistan’s neighboring country Pakistan developed a nuclear-weapon program. This is ironic because limiting nuclear-weaponry in any place was apparently supposed to be a chief concern of America, yet we did nothing about it. Pakistan could have shared nuclear secrets with its ally neighbors, thus jeopardizing American security. Benjamin Frankel wrote about the possibility that Pakistan could eventually use their nuclear weapons. In that case, America would certainly regret not committing itself to the issue. Before acting, we have to first ponder all implications – the pros and cons. Either the various leaders of the United States from 1979 to 1989 did not do this or they misevaluated. When a country is already on an nevitable path to its downfall, spending a large amount of money to try to hasten it is unnecessary. Blocking trade to that country is inessential and dumb if all parties involved are negatively affected like in the case of the Russian Grain Embargo. In the end, the Unites States and Soviet Union were burdened by their shortsighted approaches; ergo, we should learn from their mistakes and attempt to fix any remaining consequences. Unfortunately, we may one day have to endure the reper cussions of not taking action if a Middle Eastern country sets off a nuclear bomb.

Exploring Subjectivity in Teaching Philosophy :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Exploring Subjectivity in Teaching Philosophy ABSTRACT: In the teaching of philosophy, we need to be connect with everyday life. Students in introductory courses can be more motivated when philosophical problems have personal significance. Take the topic of 'selfhood.' Introductory textbooks generally begin with the oracle at Delphi: "Know thyself!" But this motto is usually treated as the search for general knowledge of the individual or of human nature. Is it possible for a student to acquire some knowledge about him or herself during this course and reflect on it in a philosophically relevant way? Can personal experience help in understanding philosophical concepts such as this one? These are the questions which I address. Since I think that philosophers have yet to develop didactical tools for these purposes, I will present techniques derived from Gestalt therapy which can be useful for the teaching of philosophy. The aim is not change but experience itself, with awareness serving as the basis for philosophical analysis. The characteristics of this experience-based pedagogy are: (1) three dimensional inquiry: questioning basic concepts or assumptions and opening new questions, both based on personal experience; (2) experiential work involving a problem, a theory, and an example; and (3) mutual influence between theory and experience, i.e., an interrelationship between the personal and the 'educational' gestalt. "Know Thyself!" This oracle at Delphi which was Socrates' motto inspires many philosophers but also psychologists and even psychotherapists. Each of them has good reasons for insisting that this is his domain. Several questions could be raised: Was Socrates a philosopher or a 'psychologist'? What kind of knowledge is this self-knowledge? How do these domains differ and do they have something in common? How are they related to spirituality? And many others. My interest, however, is more narrow. Although we can suppose there is an overlap between philosophy, psychology and psychotherapy, in this paper I will focus on the overlap between teaching philosophy and psychotherapy. More precisely: how can Gestalt principles and techniques help in the teaching of the topic of selfhood. I will outline some theoretical background of the importance of Gestalt in relation to didactics of philosophy and describe some possible applications. When I ask whether Socrates was a philosopher or a psychologist, this is also a question about what kind of knowledge is involved. Do I really want to know myself or do I just search for general knowledge about human nature?

Social Profiling

Guadagni 1 Steven Guadagni English 100 September 16, 2012 Social Profiles Effects on Employment Time and time again, people are denied or terminated from jobs based on inappropriate material found on their social media profiles. In current years, the issue of hiring/firing based on information found on social media devices such as MySpace, Twitter, or Facebook has been a hot topic. Many people believe that these factors should be overlooked when it comes to employment based on the idea that it makes the employee prejudiced and a violator of personal boundaries.Although it may appear to be an act of discrimination, business owners should reserve the right to take any public information into consideration and employ people who they deem suitable to profit their business. Many people believe that boundaries should be drawn when it comes to hiring people based on what is displayed in their social profiles. In Agha â€Å"Bes† Zain’s article â€Å"Should Employers and Interv iewers Check Your Myspace, Facebook, Twitter and other Social Profiles? he argues that it’s easy for an employer or interviewer to not hire or fire someone based on something they saw on their social profiles. Zain says, â€Å"Employers can use social profiles to make biased, prejudiced decisions that are unfair and Guadagni 2 discriminatory. † He expands on his view, stating that what you do on your own time is your business and that some employers will hire or fire someone for their religious/political views or even their ethnicity.Even though it may not be legal, Zain’s statement that not hiring someone for their religious/political views or their ethnicity is bad because it can negatively affect business; I disagree with Zain that as an employee what you do on your own time is your own business and it shouldn’t affect your employer’s decision to hire or fire a person. Not hiring or firing someone for their religious/political views or their eth nicity which is disclosed on a social profile is comprehendible in certain situations. Unfortunately, in the world we live in, one’s argument hat people do have the right to hire who they want is understandable; if a prospective or current employee’s views conflict with their business relationship the owner has every right to not want to work with them. Another issue that arises in the argument is whether or not a person’s profile page should be screened in the hiring process. In Zain’s opinion, a person’s social networking shouldn’t affect an employee or a job candidate. Zain states that â€Å"Employers should only care about something that affects the workplace or the job at hand. The argument is understandable that what you do on your own time is your own business, but why would an employer hire someone who has a picture on Facebook of themselves smoking weed and partying? For example, if an employer had two people competing for a job an d they Guadagni 3 were both equally qualified, but the employer checked on Facebook and sees that one of the potential employees is smoking weed in a picture and the other potential employee doesn’t have anything on his Facebook, it is obvious that he would hire the one who was not smoking weed.Clearly an employer is going to want someone who does not participate in those kind of activities because they could potentially affect the workplace or the job at hand. Being able to check a little more background on potential employees should be acceptable for employers because it allows them to see which candidates are truly responsible and upstanding citizens. Everyone knows that employers will look at social profiles so one should be professional in their profile if they want to be taken seriously.For example, if a person is working for a big company and badmouths a product or employer on a blog or social media page then of course they are going to get fired. Specifically, if an e mployee working for a big baseball bat company like Louisville Slugger compromised the selling capacity of their new bat by publically posting that it is not effective, then they should be held accountable for their actions.Their statement could potentially affect the sale of the product and cost the company a lot of money so it is obvious that the employee should be fired. Employers should reserve the right to protect their company from people employees that feel it is acceptable to publically trash their product. I think employers and interviewers should be able to look at your social profiles. If you think something could potentially affect your business life then it should not be Guadagni 4 posted online.In some cases, a person’s religion, political views or ethnicity could affect business so it would make sense to not hire specific people in those cases. Employers and interviewers have every right to decide if they want to hire or fire a person based on what they saw on a social profile. Guadagni 5 Works Cited Zain, Agha â€Å"Bes†. â€Å"Should Employers and Interviewers Check Your MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, And Other Social Profiles? † August 25, 2009. http://thereasoner. com/articles/should-employers-employers-check-myspace-facebook-social-profiles

Latin American Change Essay - 3051 Words

Over the course of the past half-millennium, the 33 countries that now comprise Latin America and the Caribbean have gone through drastic change. Since the discovery of the New World in 1492, each country has gone through some level of colonization by a European power and transition to its current state. During this period the regions have seen political, social, religious and economic transformations of various degrees. Nevertheless, many scholars argue that regardless of the changes encountered, many are merely on the surface with little to no meaningful change instilled. A Variety of leaders have attempted to improve their country by both conservative and liberal means. Despite these attempts, though, the underlying foundation of†¦show more content†¦Regardless of the change in government, sweeping social change has not occurred and almost all of these two groups remain poor. The plantation was the center of the agriculture life. Large-scale agriculture is still important as many countries rely on these products as they put large strain on export –oriented growth. Only recently has there been any significant attempts at industrialization and many countries are economically backward. From the very outset of the exploration of the New World, members of the church have been side by side with the explorers and colonists. The church had a dual role in Latin America. The church was interested in saving the souls of the indigenous peoples found in the newly discovered regions and also they reinforced the control of the Iberian powers. A unique form of Catholicism emerged that was a mixture of the three cultures mentioned above. The most vivid example of this fusion can be seen in Brazil were dozens of religions have sprouted with African, indigenous and European roots. The final topic of colonial legacies is politics. From an early point in the history of Latin America, the regions have enjoyed a certain level of autonomy. There was a tendency towards administrative centralism and regional/local decision making which was primarily due to the physical distances to Europe. This incomplete control led to the growth of regionalism, strongmanShow MoreRelatedConflict: the Basis for Latin American Change (Born in Blood and Fire: a Concise History of Latin America)1781 Words   |  8 Pagesindigenous populations. Modern Latin America has conflict built into its system because that is what it has mostly seen for the past five hundred years. In Born in Blood and Fire: A Concise History of Latin America, John Charles Chasteen supports the argument that Latin Americas problems developed due to its violent origins and history of conquest. From the conquest, through colonialism and revolutions, to modern day, violence has always been a main player in the advanc ement of Latin America. Chasteen hasRead MoreLatin American Culture Essay examples1050 Words   |  5 PagesLatin American Culture Latin America represents 1/10 of the worlds population, and geographically can be located from the land extensions of Mexico, until the Patagonia at Argentina. Some of the most relevant elements of todays culture in Latin America are; Religion, Values, Attitudes, Social structure, Social stratification, Language and Gift-giving hospitality. The predominant religion throughout history in Latin America has been Catholicism. From big cities to small villages, churches, basilicasRead MoreIn The United States, Not Only Are Latin Women Being Misunderstood,1508 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, not only are Latin women being misunderstood, but African American women are also stereotyped by other people. 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Despite the speculationRead MoreRacial Profiling, Discrimination, And Discrimination3120 Words   |  13 Pagesblacks, Asians, Latin Americans, gays, and other minority groups face prejudice and marginalization. As an example, racial profiling by the police continues to be both practiced and largely defended by law enforcement. If one social behavior most reflects how this widespread minority discrimination is practiced, however, it is the ironic one of denial. More exactly, and as blatantly seen in all media, a kind of condescension is in place regarding minorities, in which American society asserts just

Nonverbal Communication And Professional And Personal...

Communication is a procedure in which individuals verbally or non-verbally share data and thoughts. Nonverbal communication can be best characterised as a quiet type of speaking with a man without utilising any type of discourse to get a crowd of people. Nonverbal communication is regularly used to make a statement of a however and make your message additionally engaging and intriguing to whom you are identifying with. There are numerous sorts of nonverbal communication utilised as a part of expert and individual environment so this segment offers a succinct outline of the significance of nonverbal communication in professional and personal environment. Miller (2005) gives a fairly oversimplified perspective of nonverbal communication as†¦show more content†¦(Neil and Caswell, 1993), the dominant part is done in a nonverbal way. With regards to nonverbal communication 55% of their weight to the speaker s non-verbal communication and another 38% to the tone and music of their voice (Albert, 1971computer). Nonverbal communication can be adapted certainly before a kid starts the procedure of verbal communication (Miller, 1998). The parts of nonverbal activities are to help with the communication process in ways that basic verbalisation can t care for words can alone have limits. Trehnolm and Jenses (2008) note that nonverbal activities can change and refine simultaneous verbal messages and manage the stream of communication. Likewise, Miller (2005) said that nonverbal communication incorporates outward appearances, eye contact, touching, manner of speaking, dress stance and spatial separation. Zoric, Smid et al (2007) the most exhaustive and exploratory has offered the categorisation of nonverbal communication: kinesics, oculesics, haptics, vocalics and proxemics. Kinesics originates from the word kinesis which is implied development, which alludes to hand, arm, body and face look. Some outward appearances are an indication of for the individual fulfilment with their expert or individual environment (Gukas et al., 2010). Though, a wrinkled temple means that outrage or disarray (Neill and Caswell, 1993). The automatic reflex of yawning means that weariness or weakness (Miller, 2005b). These are a percentage of the outward

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Central Bank Independence

This essay will, firstly, give a definition of Central Bank Independence (CBI henceforth) and its role in the economy. Secondly, the majority of the essay will critically analyse the benefits (Part A1) and drawbacks (Part A2) of Central Bank Independence using various international literature – in Part A. It should be noted that this essay will not be able to compare developing nations’ literature ï€ ­ with regards to CBI ï€ ­ as most of the research is conducted on the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) nations i.e. the developed nations of the world. Finally, it will also provide my own view on the recent debate surrounding the South African Reserve Bank’s (SARB) independence before concluding. Part A1 There are†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, countries can choose to have varying degrees of government involvement ranging from total governmental control of the central bank (completely dependent central bank) to total independence from government Polillo Guillà ©n, 2005:1767) According to Grilli, Tabellini and Masciandaro (1991), central bank independence should be divided into â€Å"political independence† and â€Å"economic independence†(Alesina Summers, 1993:153). Political independence is defined essentially as in Bade and Parkin (1982), as the ability of the central bank to select its policy objectives without influence from the government. This is based on whether or not the governor and the board are chosen by the government of the country, how long they will be appointed for, whether or not the government has members who sit on the central bank’s board, whether or not the government has to approve of monetary policy decisions and whether the inflation-targeting (so that the prices remain relatively stable) is an expressed and conspicuous part of the laws of the central bank (Alesina Summers, 1993:153). Economic independence on the other hand could be defined as the capacity to use tools of monetary policy without constraints (Alesina Summers, 1993:153).The most common restriction enforced upon monetary policy decisions of the central bank is the degree to which the central bank has to finance the government’s budget deficit i.e. the government’sShow MoreRelatedLearning Journal Tasks Of Central Bank929 Words   |  4 PagesLearning Journal Tasks Central Bank is in charged with the country’s money supply, provides price stability, attaining economic output and employment goals, regulate commercial banks, stabilizing the macroeconomy by acting as the â€Å"lender of the last resort† during financial crisis and provide payment system such as check clearinghouses and long-distance payments. The U.S. Central Bank have been around since 1791. The first central bank was called the B.U.S. (Bank of United States). 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Question Two. 7 Recently inflation targeting, a policy that has been used by the South African Reserve Bank, has come under fire from COSATU‟s Zwelinzima Vavi, for a series of reasons. Discuss inflation targeting in detail, noting the case for it, as envisaged by Finance Minister, Trevor Manual in 2000 and the advantages and possible disadvantages and your thoughts in this respect. 7 3. Question Three. 10 The effect of cold and frost weather in Brazil on the economy. 10 TheRead More Poverty in Africa Essay example1470 Words   |  6 Pagescapita incomes in Africa have also been steadily growing, and poverty falling, measures are still far better in other parts of the world, such as Latin America, which suffers from many of the same disadvantages that Africa has. Africans should not blame Mr. Tony Blair, Prime Minister of Britain, The World Bank, George W. 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Case study on Information Systems

Question: Case study on Information Systems. Answer: Introduction This assignment consists of A case study which requires you to apply your learning from the systems designmodule. An ethical analysis which requires you to apply both of thereadings provided on the course website. A conceptual development and reflection section which requires you to consider how systems designtasks impact on a systems development project. A learning reflection which requires you to identify what you learned from this assignment and to relate these learning outcomes to the UniSA Graduate Qualities. The feedback sheet lists the assessment criteria. Look for it on the assignments webpage. Take note of which sections carry the most marks. Note that this assignments word count is 4604without your answers, so Dont worry if the final word count seems high. Also, there are some diagrams in this assignment so dont worry if your final word count seems low. I suggest that you draw thediagrams by hand, photograph the drawings and insert the photographs in this file. If you prefer, you can use Words drawing tools (or some other drawing or modelling software) but you may find working with pen and paper is faster, easier to amend, less cumbersome and more reliable with respect to layout. Instructions When referring to the exemplars on the course website, read the old specifications carefully because the assignments differ every study period. Recall: in the previous study period, students spent an average of 24hours on this assignment. Pace yourself accordingly. For best results Do not attempt to complete the whole assignment in one session. Work slowly and carefully. In addition to the instructions on the course website Do not overlook the Why? questions. Read the case study carefully. Keep track of the hours you invest. You are encouraged to make assumptions where necessary. Scope for assumptions has been deliberately included in this assignment because it is often necessary to make assumptions openly when dealing with a client who is under-informed with respect to technology. Please label your assumptions clearly. Heres an example from a previous study period, Assumption: As the passengers of Titanic II may be from any nation, I have assumed a currency converter is required for the ticket-purchasing function. Case study: Socrates Co From the Systems Planning assessment You work at IT Foundry as a Systems Analyst. Socrates Co is a bookshop specialising in new, second hand and rare books. It is located on a busy shopping street, close to several university campuses and has been in business for a long time. Today, its managed by its owner, Joanna Diakou, but it was started in 1938 by Joannas father, Stefanos, who was a well-known local intellectual. When he established Socrates Co, Stefanos gave a lot of consideration to the stores interior design and location. It came to be well known as a place where people are welcome to escape the noise, rest their feet, and sit and read without being disturbed. There are comfortable armchairs between the shelves and people can have snacks if they are careful. Over time, Stefanos came to know many of his customers by name and Socrates Co built a reputation and a loyal customer base almost entirely from word-of-mouth recommendations. Stefanos retired in 1974 and turned the business over to Joanna, who at the time was recently graduated with an honours degr ee in the humanities.She has maintained her fathers practices and has come to know her regular customers by name and people know they can come to Socrates Co and find a warm welcome, insightful and witty conversation, or quiet solitude. Although she draws a salary from Socrates Co, Joanna doesnt consider the time she spends there to be work instead it is simply her lifestyle. She goes to Socrates Co every day except Sundays. Four other people work there: Kavya Amal works on Mondays and Thursdays; Adam Matchoss works on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Sundays; Rajavel Sulake and Priyam Farrukh both work on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. Kavya, Adam, Rajavel and Priyam are postgraduate coursework students whose schedules change every semester. Priyam has worked at Socrates Co for five years and is paid a higher wage because she manages the store on Sundays. All of the staff love the relaxed atmosphere and they deeply appreciate Joannas attitude because, as long the customers have what they need, Joanna doesnt mind if the staff work on their assignments while they are at the store. The stores opening hours are the same every day: 11am to 7pm. However, Joanna has recently been unwell and has come to realise that perhaps Socrates Co could afford her an additional afternoon off if she didnt have to spend so much time on keeping track of inventory, sales, special orders, rosters and all the other little administrative tasks. Also, Kavya and Adam are students in an IT department and they both think Socrates Co really ought to expand into ecommerce, with an app and a website. Joanna is not entirely sure what this would entail, but she trusts Kavya and Adam and she decides to investigate further. One of Joannas regular customers is Andrew Frawley. He is one of your workmates at IT Foundry. When Andrew came into the store, Joanna asked him for advice. He immediately advised Joanna to work with you; you have more experience in ecommerce and publishing than Andrew. She agrees to a meeting, which Andrew arranges between yourself and Joanna. You talk to Joanna about Socrates Co and you realise its significance extends to the wider community: even people who never buy a book can enjoy reading in the peaceful atmosphere. You learn that Socrates Co has long-standing relationships with thirty-four publishers and you know that seventeen of the publishers (the larger ones) offer B2B ordering, returns and invoicing. You talk about various business processes. For example, you discuss how Joanna sources rare books and you discuss the Socrates Co text-book sales service (on a 5% commission) for uni students. You talk about the process for replenishing the second hand stock and the process for when a customer makes a special order. You are sure there are other business processes Joanna has not mentioned; payroll comes immediately to mind and you begin to identify other overlooked business processes. Joanna also tells you about a project she has had in mind for some time: she wants to start a small caf in one corner of the store, for which she has obtained a licence. You can see potential for supporting Socrates Co business processes and for supporting Joannas plans for a small caf, both without disrupting the Socrates Co reputation. However, as you are a seasoned professional, you dont rush in. Instead you suggest that Socrates Co funds a preliminary investigation of a potential future IS project. Joanna agrees to the cost, your manager approves, and when one of your existing projects closes, you begin the Socrates Co preliminary investigation. You now have outlines of the Socrates Co business processes but you need another meeting with Joanna to double check some details and to discuss project constraints. At the meeting, you sketch diagrams on the whiteboard outlining four of the main business processes. Then you ask Joanna if the processes share data, and if not, could they share data in the future. Joanna says, Well, no, they dont share data wait, what do you mean exactly? Because I know what sales are made when I check the days transactions and when I know the sales, it helps me figure out if I need to order more stock. There are other things that overlap too, like the rosters and the payroll. You explain thats exactly what you mean and you ask her to describe more overlaps in the Socrates Co business processes. Well, the cash sales determine the next mornings bank deposits, but the POS transactions just happen automatically. Also, you know how the sales tell me what to order? Well, I also use a bit of knowhow, like when Michael Sandels latest book came out, I knew it was going to sell quickly so I ordered quite a few. Actually, I can say the same for several other authors, like Sam Harris. He sells quite well these days. Hmm come to think of it, if the new system knows how quickly an author sells, then it could keep those authors in a special list, couldnt it? You agree thats one of the functions a system could provide. But you point out that it wouldnt be able to figure out whether to stock new authors because they wouldnt have a sales history. Joanna says, Oh, thats ok, the publishers know the store so well, I can usually rely on their recommendations. Then I just order a few copies of what they recommend, unless I think the author wouldnt work at all. Its especially easy if the publisher takes returns of unsold stock. You say, Like Fractal Publishing? They do that for one of my other clients. You recall that Fractal Publishing is one of the B2B publishers and that they are going to upgrade the security of their B2B system next year; as are Continuum, MUP, OUP and Stanford Law Books. Yes, weve had an account with Fractal for ages! Do you know Jane Berne? Shes my account manager. No, but lets stay on track. If you email me a list of publishers that take returns and a description of the important overlaps we can look at some other things. About the app do you want it to offer the same transactions as the website? Or do you have something else in mind? Im not sure. What do you recommend? To keep costs down, lets keep the transactions the same for now and if you need to review that decision in future, you can do so. But, transactions aside, the website can have other features if you want it to. It doesnt have to be only sales. Really? Thatd be great. We can advertise our different Writers Week events. I need to talk it over with Kavya and Adam, theyre bound to have some suggestions. Oh! Can the customers review the books they have read? Sure. But lets be a little cautious with respect to budget and schedule. So perhaps we ought to The discussion carried on for another fifteen minutes before you shook hands and estimated that you would finish the preliminary investigation within a week. From the Systems Analysis assessment The preliminary investigation you wrote up for the Socrates Co project enabled you to develop a basic understanding of the business context. Your SWOT analysis and scope lists captured the projects key elements and made a positive impression on Joanna and her staff. Jo has approved the projects system analysis. In a JAD-style approach to eliciting requirements, you decide to speak to each of the staff members. Even if they dont contribute to the project, benefits may arise from each of them being able to put your face to your name. However, this is more difficult than it seems as they are not always available on the same days. You discuss this with Joanna and she says that she plans to close the store early on the following Sunday because she and Priyam will be inducting a new employee, Archie Nguyen, who has filled the position previously occupied by Kavya (who recently resigned). She suggests closing the store at 1 and then she will provide a lunch for everyone before your meeting at 2. Once your meeting is adjourned, everyone can go home and she and Priyam will induct Archie. After this meeting, the following requirements are known. The information you presented during the preliminary investigation is confirmed, except where it conflicts with the following. As in most bricks and mortar commerce, sales can be cash or credit card. When a sale is conducted (cash or credit card), a scanner will be used to keep track of which items are being purchased. Priyam described what sales data currently is: the date, the item(s) being sold, the quantity per item, the total price and the receipt number. For a cash transaction, the customer is handed their change and a receipt. For a credit card transaction, the customer is handed a receipt. In the new system, sales data will be used to determine inventory levels. Once inventory is known, other business processes can be supported. In the new system, a weekly inventory report will be used by Joanna and Priyam before they place orders with publishers. It will tell them which items are popular and which items are low in stock. If a popular item is low in stock, it will be highlighted. Also, old stock will be reported so that Joanna and Priyam can discount the price or return it to the publisher. Depending on the publishers capability, ordering will be performed in a traditional manner (a phone call to the publishers agent) or via B2B. Joanna is going to speak to her contacts at each publishing house and compile a list of B2B publishers. Once you have this list, you will embed B2B components in the new systems design. When ordered items arrive in the store, they will be scanned in the back room (this will add them to the inventory database), price tags will be printed and attached. Finally, new stock will be put on the shelves. Joanna will need daily and monthly sales reports, with subtotals for cash and credit card sales. All the staff would like more flexible working hours. So the rostering system will be available to everyone so they can swap shifts online. A shift will be 4 hours duration and there will be two shifts each day. First, staff log in and enter their ongoing availability (this can be changed at any time) and the maximum number of shifts they want to work in a week. Then, every week, any time before Thursday night, staff can make changes to next weeks roster, putting their name down for whichever shifts they prefer. Every Friday morning, the roster is finalised by a process that will fill any empty shifts according to (a) ongoing availabilities (b) a staff members maximum number of shifts and (c) a round-robin allocation scheme (to make sure everyone gets the same number of shifts its important to Joanna that everyone gets an equal chance to develop skills and expertise, so she can call on all staff in an emergency). Then a report will be sent to everyone via SMS or email (whichever the y prefer). This report will show the finalised roster. If staff make sure all empty shifts are filled before the roster is finalised, there will be no surprises in the final roster. However, there has to be some flexibility for when people are unexpectedly unable to come to work. In these cases, Joanna or Priyam will call the people who are available for that day. For this purpose, an ad hoc report of staff availabilities is required. Also, Joanna or Priyam will amend that weeks roster because the payroll process will depend on the previous fortnights shifts. When the roster is amended a thank you SMS or email will be sent to the staff member who filled in on short notice. To support the payroll process, at the end of a shift, each staff member will enter the hours they worked (there are times when a shift unexpectedly runs longer than four hours). This is checked off by Priyam or Joanna before they go home for the evening. Staff are paid directly to their bank account for the hours they have worked, with a small bonus if they have filled in for someone else on short notice. This bonus is currently $10 but it might go up in future. Online sales will be available via the Socrates Co website. Product categories will correlate to the different sections in the shop because these sections evolved over a long time and are effective in supporting the browsing habits of the Socrates Co customers. However, an additional Sale category will be provided. Items in the Sale category are old stock at discounted prices. As in most ecommerce systems, customers can browse different product categories and can add items to their shopping bag as they browse. When a customer is ready to checkout, they can either log in and use their profile data for the transaction or they can checkout as a guest. If they checkout as a guest, they will have to provide a delivery address, credit card details, etc. Also, if a customer checks out as a guest, they will be invited to create a profile which will save their data for future transactions. The caf will be going ahead, but there has been a delay. Although Joanna has a licence, the planning permission has been denied and changes have been requested by the planners. So the cafs information requirements will not be a part of any new system at this point in time. Joanna thinks this is probably a good idea as she is not sure what those requirements might be until the caf is running. Special events will be advertised on the Socrates Co website. A content management system will be required to support this ongoing web-authoring activity. Each event will have its own web page, which will be linked to a splash image on the Socrates Co homepage. Advertised means Announced with the splash image and the web page, on which people can rsvp for a free event or buy tickets for a paid event. Followed (an events page will contain a widget to re-publish tweets that include the events Twitter hash tag). Wrapped up (highlights will be described and celebrated). Some events are annual (eg part of the annual Writers Week Festival), some events are monthly (eg the local writers society meetings, the local poetry slam, the Socrates Co book club) and some events are one-of. Some of these one-of events are held in conjunction with a publishing house (eg readings and book signings to promote a new book) and others are held in collaboration with individual people (eg an author or an illustrator may have been invited to give a talk about their career highlights or about their professional practice). Web pages of events that are held in conjunction with other organisations must contain the logos of these other organisations and those logos must be linked to the other organisations web sites. You make a start on systems analysis. As so many of the business processes impact on service provision, it is clear that several different data stores will be needed. However, you also realise more detailed information will come to light over time, which may require you to amend your current analysis. New information Joanna has approved your systems analysis and asked you to proceed with system design. As the rostering process is not something youve done before, you decide to do it first. The other processes will not be designed yet. You refer to your systems analysis documentation while designing. Recall: you can make assumptions in this assignment (as noted above). Also, you can use the course forum if you have any questions. User interface design Prepare a user interface storyboard for staff to make changes to the preliminary roster. Not sure how to make a storyboard? Storyboards show task flow and information layout. Here are some examples for your consideration: Design the report of staff availabilities. Design a user interface storyboard for amending the roster after it has been finalised (eg, when someone is unexpectedly unable to work Joanna or Priyam have to allocate their shift to someone else). Data design Create an ERD for the rostering process. Normalise the table(s) to 2NF. Two tables will be formed: Employee table and week table. Employee ID will be the primary key of employee table and Week (i.e. week no) will the primary key of Week table. Name Employee ID Phone number Priyam Farrukh 0002 0406765894 Archie Nguyen 0006 0401782988 Adam Matchoss 0003 0406993688 Rajavel Sulake 0004 0402337859 Priyam Farrukh 0002 0406765894 Archie Nguyen 0006 0401782988 Adam Matchoss 0003 0406993688 Rajavel Sulake 0004 0402337859 Priyam Farrukh 0002 0406765894 Week Avail1 Avail2 Avail3 Avail4 Avail5 Avail6 Avail7 Avail8 1 Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Monday morning Monday afternoon 1 Monday morning Monday afternoon Thursday morning Thursday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon 1 Tuesday morning Tuesday afternoon Wednesday morning Wednesday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon 1 Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Tuesday morning Thursday afternoon 2 Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Monday afternoon Tuesday morning 2 Monday morning Monday afternoon Thursday morning Thursday afternoon Saturday morning Sunday morning 2 Tuesday morning Tuesday afternoon Wednesday morning Wednesday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Monday morning Monday afternoon 2 Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon 3 Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Avail9 Avail10 Avail11 Avail12 Avail7 Avail8 Roster1 Roster2 Roster3 Roster4 Roster5 Roster6 Wednesday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Monday morning Monday afternoon Thursday morning Thursday afternoon Thursday afternoon Tuesday morning Tuesday afternoon Wednesday morning Wednesday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Monday morning Monday afternoon Friday morning Friday afternoon Saturday morning Saturday afternoon Sunday morning Sunday afternoon Tuesday afternoon Wednesday afternoon Because Employee ID and week are primary keys, it shows the functionality dependence of some of the keys on other keys. Employee ID Week Avail1 Roster1 Etc. 0002 1 Sunday morning Sunday morning 0006 1 Monday morning Monday morning 0003 1 Tuesday morning Tuesday morning 0004 1 Friday morning Friday morning 0002 2 Sunday morning 0006 2 Monday morning 0003 2 Tuesday morning 0004 2 Friday morning 0002 3 Sunday morning Normalise the tables to 3NF. In the 3rd normal form, there should not be much redundancy in the table. If there is a non-key field which depends on another field, it should be removed. Starting with Employee table: Name Employee ID Phone number Priyam Farrukh 0002 0406765894 Archie Nguyen 0006 0401782988 Adam Matchoss 0003 0406993688 Rajavel Sulake 0004 0402337859 There is a dependency between the Employee and week which is shown below without any redundancy. Starting from Avail 1 to Avail 12, a new table will formed with following column headings: AvailRoster Avail ID Name of the weekday Shift Name Type WeekNo Avail1 Sunday Morning Availability 1 Avail2 Sunday Morning Roster 1 A new table will be formed which will have primary key composed of employeeID,Availability and Roaster: Employee ID Availability Roaster 0002 Avail1 Avail5 0006 Avail2 Avail1 0003 Avail3 Avail4 0004 Avail1 Avail1 0002 Etc. Etc. 0006 Etc. Etc. 0003 Etc. Etc. 0004 Etc. Etc. 0002 Etc. Etc. If you identified any new tables during normalisation, update the ERD. You have completed the data design. Now you will design the system architecture. You begin by reviewing the system architecture checklist. System architecture System design is a combination of software, hardware, procedures as well as data to deliver an effective system which Is cost-effective, flexible as well as technically sound. This system contains all the informational needs of a business. System architecture is initiated with logical phase of information system which then advances to deliver a physical structure. Output is a physical structure and it includes software, hardware security as well as procedural processors. The elements which arerelevant to the case in question includes: Scalability, Enterprise Resource Planning, Processing Options, Security Options as well as web integration. Prioritise the items that you identified in question 9. Briefly explain (one or two sentences) these priorities. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE CHECKLIST EXPLANATION PRIORITY WEB INTEGRATION Web based integration includes that the system is capable of using web based protocols to handle input and output for the each set of users of the system. 1 SCALABILITY Scalability means that the system and its logic can be expanded upon later on so as to meet the needs of its environment in which the system is as and when it changes. 2 ERP ERP is the backbone of any small, medium or large scale business. It is important that the system should have basic connectivity to an ERP system. 3 SECURITY A well designed information system should reduce any chance of vulnerabilities present In the system. At the same time, the system should be designed in a way that it reduces chances for users to add to that security vulnerability either deliberately or accidentally. 4 PROCESSING The system should be capable of processing the data 24 by 7 and without any user intervention. At the same time full and intermittent backups should be done without any user input seamlessly in the background. 5 12. Consider Web 2.0. Are you going to recommend any Web 2.0 capabilities for the Socrates Co website? Why? The biggest capabilities from Web 2.0 would be that the content would be dynamic. Such that the system should automatically pull up best authors from the system. This information then would be shared to the publishers who can automatically submit titles from those authors and thereby manage inventory better. Apart from this, there would be other dynamic content throughout the system. For instance, the content on the pages such as authors by popularity or the overall roaster would keep on changing based on the data. Review the sections in a system design specification. Is a system design specification required for the Socrates Co project? Why? System design specification is required for the mentioned case study. This is so because the specification will specify is accessed and manipulate by which user. IT will help the development team to divide the data and provide specific privileges and access permission to the respective administer and staff user. It will also specify the flow of data in the system. Ethical analysis Reflect on your experiences as a student or in your career. Identify an ethical issue that you encountered at some time in your past.[1] Describe the ethical issue. Do not describe how it was resolved. I have been downloading content from the Internet since a long time which includes movies, TV, e-books and music. I understand the terms such as copyrights and piracy that is usually associated with the online content but could not relate it with my act of doing the same as the content was just so easily available. I recently came across an interview of a movie maker who talked about the losses he suffered due to the fact that his movie was leaked online before it reached the theatres. I, then wondered that although there are no prominent laws regulating these activities and download of such content from the web, but was it ethical? I was involved in the losses that other people were facing because of my act. I was just using this content for my personal use and entertainment and not for any commercial sale, but I just kept wondering whether it was justified on the ethical grounds and the rules of morality. Consider the trust model from Grodzinsky, Miller Wolf (2012) and the ethical decision-making process from OBoyle (2002). These readings can be located on the course web site. In analysing the ethical issue you describe above, which is a better choice: the trust model from Grodzinsky, Miller Wolf (2012) or the ethical decision-making process from OBoyle (2002)? I analysed the ethical issue of downloading the content for free from unfamiliar sources from the Internet on the basis of two popular models and processes that is the trust model from Grodzinsky, Miller Wolf (2012) and the ethical decision-making process from OBoyle (2002). I found that the more preferred and relatable choice for the issue was the trust model and the rule three of the same which states that Trust involves risk; the less information the trustor a has about the trustee b, the higher the risk and the more trust is required. (Digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu, 2016). Trustor in my ethical issue would be the maker of the content and trustee would be me or other users who download such content. There are people who download these for fun purpose and there are also many who do it for commercial use. Trustor would not be able to collect all of this information in detail and which would lead to the risk of him/her facing the loss in terms of money and also in terms of trust fa ctor. Ethical decision making theory by OBoyle discussed more on the moral reasoning and perception which could not relate much with my ethical issue in particular (O'Boyle, 2002). In your answer to Question 14, you selected either the trust model or the ethical decision-making process. What are your reasons for rejecting the other approach? The approach of ethical decision making process put forward by OBoyle has not been considered in the ethical issue being discussed is because it basically revolves around the factors such as idealism and relativism when weighing a particular action on the ethical terms. There can be some serious variations in terms of an individuals judgement, morals and beliefs in an ethical situation which did not seem correct for analysing the situation (Forsyth, OBoyle and McDaniel, 2008). The trust model on the other hand fit perfectly in making the analysis on the ethical issue and hence, it has been selected over the other approach. Reflect upon the approaches inGrodzinsky, Miller Wolf (2012) and OBoyle (2002). Would an analysis be more robust if it had included some aspects of both approaches? For example, if you were to apply OBoyles approach (2002), would your analysis be more robust if it included some aspects from Grodzinsky, Miller Wolf (2012)? The analysis would surely be more robust if the certain aspects are chosen from the processes and theories rather than a selection of just one out of the two. The trust model amalgamates information technology with the ethics in its structure and explains the e-trust on the basis of the relationship between the Trustor and the trustee on several aspects in terms of risks associated, outcomes and morality. It also explains the factors that are involved in the face to face trust and the artificial or virtual trust that is more popular in the case of the web or the internet (Grodzinsky, Miller and Wolf, 2010). The ethical decision making process by OBoyle discusses the issues in the terms of logical and analytical basis from the moral resolution and perspective (i-r-i-e.net, 2016). The combination of both of these theories would integrate trust, moral, logical reasoning and perspective in one common platform and would therefore, be very robust in nature. In your explanation, focus on which aspects you would have included and why. The aspects that would be included from the trust model would be: Trust is something that is formed with the relation between the parties that are involved. Risk is also an important aspect that is involved in the trust and the loss of the same. The motive and the expectations behind trust would also be included. Awareness of the trust is another important aspect. The outcomes that would result in the trust process would also play a significant role. The aspects that would be included from the ethical decision making process would be: Perception: I would have included this aspect in my analysis as it would help the user to decide whether to download the content or not. Discernment: This aspect would help me understand whether the same practice would be allowed in future or not and the relationship between the maker and the user as well. Decision: This aspect helped me analyse the decision making process involved in the entire process. Action: This is the final result that would come out of the entire situation from the ethical perspective. Conceptual development and risk identification So far, this assignment has supported the development of skills required in professional practice, including ethics. Now, it supports the development of professional expertise. What is the overall purpose of the systems design phase of a project and how does it differ from the systems analysis and systems planning phases? System design is an important phase in the world of software engineering and development. It holds a significant place and is necessary because of the reasons as described below: System architecture is defined in this phase. Components, interfaces and data that are necessary for the project to develop is explained in this phase in the form of blue-print of the entire system and its components with the help of various design diagrams. Data sources are also identified in this process which helps in the understanding of nature and type of data. This is the process which comes after the requirements phase. The description of how the requirements would be applied in practice is explained in this phase. The overall view of the system and the components can be gathered from this phase (The MITRE Corporation, 2016). The difference between system analysis, system planning and system design is explained below. Basis of difference SYSTEM PLANNING SYSTEM ANALYSIS SYSTEM DESIGN Requirement It is usually the first and the foremost activity that is done to gain an understanding of the system and further processes. On the basis of the requirements, it is used to present a logical model of the system. It is used to bring forward a physical model of the entire system on the basis of business processes and requirements. Significant step Feasibility analysis of the system to find out if it is possible or not, requirement modelling and formation of the plan of action. Step-by-step explanation of the business model on the basis of various fact finding techniques. Identification of the set of inputs and the set of outputs to bring forward a design. Tasks A strategy plan for the system stating the scope, purpose, assumptions and dependencies. SWOT analysis to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with the system and documentation of the same. Transformation of logical design presented in practice and code. Deliverables Feasibility study with keeping the facts such as cost/benefit analysis, budget constraints and schedule constraints in consideration. System Requirement Specification (SRS) document explaining the functional and non-functional requirements along with the features to be included and the ones to be discarded. System Design Specification (SDS) explaining the design of the system with the help of various diagrams such as data flow diagrams, entity relationship diagrams, functional hierarchies and likewise. Consider the case study above and the design you have prepared. You may have completed the tasks with a lot of care. If so, your design is likely to be effective in supporting future project activities. Consider a situation in which the design is careless. With respect to the systems design tasks you completed in the case study section of this assignment, identify risks for each of the following stakeholders. Your answer should have eight unique risks (two per stakeholder). Socrates Co. Decrease in productivity and efficiency due to a lot many changes in the architecture happening all at the same time. Disruption of reputation among the customers owing to the increase in services and mismanagement probable around the same. The wider community. Loss of trust in the business as the personal touch which is more in face-to-face business would be hampered. Getting attracted to the newer names in the business who adapt to automated processes since the beginning that are not familiar and may result in loss in the bigger picture. The IS/IT profession. Attack of malicious software such as viruses, worms, Trojan horses and logic bombs. Network attacks such as man-in-the-middle attack and denial of service. Your own future work tasks (systems implementation tasks). Disturbance in the availability of service at all times. Loss of reliability of the service with introduction of website and mobile app. Select two of these risks and explain why they are important to this project. The two of the eight risks state above which are of primary importance are: Loss of trust in the business as the personal touch which is more in face-to-face business would be hampered. Currently, Socrates Co. Maintains a personal equation with most of the publishers, customers and suppliers. The same may not be the case with the introduction of increased services and use of electronic commerce. It would not be possible for the business owners to have in-person meetings with every stakeholder involved and the same may result in the loss of trust for the other parties. Attack of malicious software such as viruses, worms, Trojan horses and logic bombs is another major risk involved as it may have an adverse effect on the confidentiality, integrity, security, privacy and availability of the information. Unreliable and unauthorized users may get entry to the system and make use of the information which may harm the stakeholders involved. With reference to the two risks from question 19, what are your conclusions about the importance of attention to detail with respect to system design? It is extremely important to have a well-defined risk mitigation and management process explained in the system design phase in order to avoid the risks and detect the same at the correct time. Some of the countermeasures to the two risks discussed are: Providing an option of customer feedback on the website regarding any of the product or service to maintain the same level of trust among the stakeholders. Installing measures to have a minimum downtime in case of an attack, to provide the reliability and availability of services at all times to maintain the trust level. To have an option of 24*7 chat or help facility available on the web site. Access control mechanisms installed on all the system and network entry and exit points. Use of strong anti-virus, firewalls and internet security programs. Use of stronger passwords and PINs to prevent unauthorized access. Adapting encryption measures in the transfer f information over the network. Use of private keys and shared keys with the stakeholders for decoding of the information. Learning reflection Think about the tasks you completed in the Systems Planning, Systems Analysis and Systems Design assessments. Reflect upon any knowledge you have gained from completing these tasks. Read the UniSA Graduate Qualities. Name two learning outcomes. Note: although the Course Objectives on the Course Outline can be informative, please consider your personal learning experience. As you have a unique history, you will have unique learning outcomes; that is, someone who knew a lot about drawing DFDs before starting this assignmentcouldnt identify that skill as a learning outcome;they will identify something else instead. Example: In these assessments, I learned about system design where in the database can reduce high level of redundancy by normalizing the tables and bringing them in 3NF form and I learned system architecture specification where in I found a list of items which should be fulfilled while preparing an architecture. For each of your learning outcomes, name one relevant UniSA Graduate Quality. Example: As noted above, my first learning outcome is This learning outcome correlates to the graduate quality My second learning outcome is This learning outcomes correlates to . ERD and design of tables relate to the learning outcome to GQ3 and system architecture correlates to GQ1. In your previous answer, you correlated two learning outcomes to two Graduate Qualities. Focusing on these two Graduate Qualities and addressing each one separately, explain how this assignments tasks enabled you to further develop these qualities. GQ3: While preparing the ER diagram, a very sharp and high attention towards the case details and along with this application of logical ability is also required. It allows me to develop skills which help in understanding the logical relationship. GQ1: The system architecture checklist items made me to go through the entire system phases of the software development. Also, it made me think over the hardware and software acquisition and gain sufficient knowledge of the professional services. The following questions are for students who engaged in teamwork for the first two assessments. In your previous assessments, your teammates reviewed your teamwork abilities. Why are peer reviews important and what role do peer reviews play in your education? The peer reviews help in identifying the mistakes being done and also the critical feedbacks help in improving and minimizing the errors which may take in future. What is the most important think you learned from your peer reviews? Errors/mistakes can be highly reduced and hence quality of paper gets better. What is the least important think you learned from your peer reviews? Not available. Not for assessment How many hours did you invest in this assignment?This information will be provided to future students in this course. Put your answer here. Thank you for the time and effort you have invested. I look forward to reading your submission. References Grodzinsky, FS, Miller, K Wolf, MJ 2012, 'Moral responsibility for computing artifacts: "The Rules" and issues of trust', SIGCAS Computers and Society, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 15-25. O'Boyle, E J 2002, 'An ethical decision-making process for computing professionals', Ethics and Information Technology, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 267-277. Shelly, GB Rosenblatt, HJ 2012, Systems Analysis and Design, 9th edition, Cengage Learning. Digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu, (2016). [online] Digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu. Forsyth, D., OBoyle, E. and McDaniel, M. (2008). East meets west: A meta-analytic investigation of cultural variations in idealism and relativism. [online] Philpapers.org. Grodzinsky, F., Miller, K. and Wolf, M. (2010). Developing artificial agents worthy of trust: Would you buy a used car from this artificial agent? . Ethics and Information Technology, 13(1), pp.17-27.